How The Seattle Times underreported the 1970 occupation of Fort Lawton

annotated image of the original A1 page ones from 1970

Seattle Times A1 Revisited project editor

Published Oct. 16, 2022

On March 8, 1970, over 100 local activists climbed the fences at Fort Lawton in Seattle to lay claim to the land there that recently had been ceded by the U.S. military.

For the second installment of our A1 Revisited series, we turned to The Seattle Times’ coverage of the protests at Fort Lawton and found that our coverage neglected the context of the event and treated the protests with sarcasm and humor.

In consultation with the United Indians of All Tribes, we scrutinized the three stories that appeared in the following day’s newspaper. On the front page, we ran two stories on March 9, 1970, one that focused on the appearance of actress Jane Fonda at the protests rather than on the Native activists leading the protest, and the other belittled and trivialized the protests with a comedic tone and racist stereotypes.

A more in-depth story about the events of the occupation was tucked inside on Page A11, where we found several uses of language that equated the protest to an “attack” and protesters to “invaders,” words that further draw upon stereotypes and designate the protesters as outsiders.

The most striking findings from our research into The Seattle Times’ coverage of this event are what wasn’t there. As reporter Brendan Kiley notes in his A1 Revisited story, The Seattle Times failed to understand the importance of the issues affecting Native communities at the time.

Here, we’ve annotated each of these stories, marking offensive, inaccurate and racist language, biased or trivializing framing and where content or context is missing.

— Crystal Paul, project editor

Our changes by category

Scroll down to see examples of the types of editorial decisions we would approach differently today, which fall into three categories:

    Language changes

  • Racist language

  • Inaccurate language

  • Offensive language

    Presentation/structure changes

  • Design/layout

  • Story framing/focus (bias)

    Reporting changes

  • Lack of information/underreporting

  • Inaccuracy/misrepresentation

- - - Scroll down to explore - - -
annotated image of the original pages with numbered comments

Page A1

Page A11

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Design/layout
1
This is the main news story about the demonstration at Fort Lawton. Its placement on Page A11 downplays the significance of the event. Today, we would publish this story on the front page with a large headline and photos.
2
The news from Fort Lawton contends with other important reporting that day, but a story about Jane Fonda's protest and a humorous piece about international media reaction are given outsized importance with their placement on A1.
Lack of information/ underreporting
3
The story does not explain Native sovereignty, land rights, treaty failures, forced removal or genocide, all of which are important background information to understand the context for the demonstration.
4
It is unknown who is being quoted in the use of "invade" and "invasion" throughout the story and in the headline. We would identify who used this word and explain if it is an accurate characterization of the demonstration.
Offensive language
5
The use of the word "influx" is demeaning and dismissive.
Inaccurate language
6
Referring to the event as "only" a demonstration could be seen as condescending.
7
The story frequently refers to the demonstrators as "the Indians," calling all participants by a racial identity instead of their actions and cause.
8
The headline takes "gripes" out of context; Fonda said she asked Fort Lewis soldiers to "tell me about their gripes."
Racist language
9
The headline uses "attack," playing off the words of an Italian journalist who uses a racist stereotype. It may lead some readers to think the demonstrators were violent, but there is no evidence of this.
10
The use of the phrase "frontier war" conjures up the history of the genocide and forced removal of Native people, while using a humorous tone. It is racist and belittling.
11
The phrase "Indian problem" has a racist history. To repeat it here without context and in an unattributed quotation is offensive.
Story framing/focus (bias)
12
A visiting celebrity is given more prominence than the local people whose movement she was supporting. Using today's standards, this story would be on an inside page or folded into a more complete story about the occupation.
13
This story mocks international reporters' reactions to the events at Fort Lawton. Its placement on A1 implies that editors thought it was more important than the local news story, on A11. It has no byline or source names, raising questions of credibility.

Download the original 1970 pages

Explore all the annotations by story

Select the highlighted part in each story to view our annotations.
an archive version of a story titled 'Jane Fonda 'Gripes About Detention at Fort Lewis'
an archive version of a story titled 'Indian 'Attack' on Fort Fascinates World Press'
an archive version of a story titled 'Indians 'Invade' Army Posts'

CREDITS

With special thanks to the Seattle-based non-profit social, cultural and educational services foundation United Indians of All Tribes.
Project editor: Crystal Paul
Contributing editors: Melissa Davis, Lynn Jacobson and Laura Gordon
Developer: Lauren Flannery
Project coordinator: Laura Gordon
Engagement editor: Ryan Nguyen
A1 Revisited